TL/DR –
US Senate Republicans have passed President Donald Trump’s “One Big Beautiful Bill Act”, a wide-ranging policy overhaul that covers sectors including agriculture, transportation, energy, defence, tax, healthcare and more. The legislation introduced substantial changes like restricting future cost increases in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), increasing payments for rural hospitals and expanding telehealth coverage, and imposing new or higher fees for asylum, visas, temporary protected status (TPS) and certain employment authorizations. The bill has been sent to the U.S. House of Representatives for approval.
US Senate Passes Sweeping Policy Overhaul under “One Big Beautiful Bill Act”
In a dramatic floor vote ending in a tie, the U.S. Senate has narrowly passed President Donald Trump’s signature domestic policy package, the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act.” The legislation, which now heads to the U.S. House of Representatives, represents a sweeping overhaul of federal policy across diverse sectors like agriculture, transportation, energy, defense, tax, and healthcare. The coming days are critical as negotiations and stakeholder mobilization intensify to shape the final provisions.
Key Highlights by Sector
Summaries of the key highlights of the bill for each sector are as follows:
Agriculture, Nutrition and Rural Development
The bill proposes various reforms to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), overhauls for commodity and farm programs, enhancements for disaster assistance and crop insurance, and conservation, forestry, and rural investment related provisions. Find out more about these changes here.
Defense and National Security
Proposed changes include improvements to military quality of life, allocations for shipbuilding, naval power, missile defense, munitions, expedited innovation to the warfighter, air superiority, nuclear deterrence, Indo-Pacific deterrence, military readiness, and border security. Learn more about these defense provisions here.
Transportation
Modifications include investments in aviation and air traffic control, changes to surface transportation, space and launch infrastructure, and appropriations for the U.S. Coast Guard. See more details on the transportation overhauls here.
Energy and Environment
Proposed changes affect oil and natural gas, coal and mining, renewables, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Loan Programs, and energy tax incentives. Find out more about these energy-related changes here.
Tax and Financial Policy
The bill includes proposals to make Trump-era tax cuts permanent, various business and international tax reforms, charitable and community incentives, and green tax credit repeals. Learn more about these tax proposals here.
Healthcare and Medicaid
Modifications to Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act (ACA) eligibility, Medicare, and rural health are proposed. Find out more about these healthcare changes here.
Education and Student Loans
Education tax provisions, student loan and repayment policies, Pell Grant changes, and accountability measures are proposed. Learn more about these education-related changes here.
Immigration and Border Security
Proposed changes include fee increases and enforcement funding. Find out more about these immigration-related changes here.
Implications for Clients
This legislative vision represents a bold and far-reaching policy overhaul, reshaping federal programs, renewing focus on oil, gas and coal production, repealing key elements of the IRA, permanently extending major tax cuts, investing heavily in defense modernization, and tightening eligibility for healthcare and education benefits. Find out more about the implications here.
Next Steps
Clients should assess potential impacts and prepare for regulatory and funding shifts. Learn more about the next steps here.
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