Study: Ultra-Processed Foods Dominate US Grocery Purchases, Straining Low-Income Households
TL/DR –
Nearly half of US household grocery purchases consist of ultra-processed foods (UPFs), with lower-income and less-educated families purchasing more, according to new research. The study of a nationally representative sample of 59,939 US households found that snacks, soft drinks, and mixed dishes accounted for the highest proportions of UPFs, and non-Hispanic white households had the highest percentage of UPF purchases. The researchers argue that the prevalence of UPFs, which have been linked to chronic diseases, underscores the need for policy reform to improve diet quality and reduce disease risks.
New Study Shows Ultra-Processed Foods Dominate US Grocery Purchases
New insights reveal that nearly half of American grocery purchases are ultra-processed foods. Families with lower income and education levels are the most affected, emphasizing the urgent need for policy reforms.
The study was recently published in Public Health Nutrition Journal and analyzed differences in ultra-processed food (UPF) purchases based on education, income, and race.
The research found that almost 50% of food purchases and over one-third of beverages were ultra-processed, with lower-income households and less-educated individuals purchasing more UPFs. Non-Hispanic white households also showed higher purchase rates. The study analyzed over 33 million products purchased by a representative sample of 59,939 US households in 2020.
Understanding Ultra-Processed Foods
UPFs are highly engineered products made with additives and ingredients derived from food. Their dominance in American diets is concerning as they have been linked to various chronic diseases including heart disease, obesity, and even premature death.
Recent studies classify foods based on their processing levels using the NOVA classification system, highlighting foods designed to promote overconsumption. UPFs are identified not only by their high processing but also by the use of certain additives rarely found in home cooking.
About the Study
The study aimed to provide updated insights into UPF purchasing patterns in relation to race, income, education, and family structure. It utilized data from a consumer panel survey of 59,939 American households. Participating households provided demographic data and scanned their purchased food and beverage products.
Each product was matched with nutrient labels and ingredient data. Based on the NOVA classification system, items were categorized as minimally processed, processed foods, and ultra-processed foods.
Results and Implications
Analysis of over 33 million purchased products from 59,939 American households in 2020 showed that 38% of beverages and 48% of packaged foods were classified as UPFs.
UPFs were found to make up the largest portion of carbonated beverages (90%), followed by soups and mixed dishes (81%), and snacks and sweets (71%). Conversely, fresh produce categories like fruits, vegetables, fats, nuts, and oils had virtually no UPFs.
Race-wise, Non-Hispanic white households had the highest percentage of UPF purchases, followed by non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and other ethnic groups. Lower-educated and lower-income households also purchased a higher proportion of UPFs.
The study’s findings highlight the need for American policy initiatives addressing UPF consumption to enhance diet quality and mitigate chronic disease risks.
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